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The Soviet space program, was the national space program of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) actived from 1930s until disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Soviet Union's space program was mainly based on the cosmonautic exploration of space and the development of the expandable launch vehicles, which had been split between many design bureaus competing against each other. Over its 60-years of history, the Russian program was responsible for a number of pioneering feats and accomplishments in the human space flight, including the first intercontinental ballistic missile (R-7), first satellite (Sputnik 1), first animal in Earth orbit (the dog Laika on Sputnik 2), first human in space and Earth orbit (cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin on Vostok 1), first woman in space and Earth orbit (cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova on Vostok 6), first spacewalk (cosmonaut Alexei Leonov on Voskhod 2), first Moon impact (Luna 2), first image of the far side of the Moon (Luna 3) and unmanned lunar soft landing (Luna 9), first space rover (Lunokhod 1), first sample of lunar soil automatically extracted and brought to Earth (Luna 16), and first space station (Salyut 1). Further notable records included the first interplanetary probes: Venera 1 and Mars 1 to fly by Venus and Mars, respectively, Venera 3 and Mars 2 to impact the respective planet surface, and Venera 7 and Mars 3 to make soft landings on these planets.
Soyuz 7 was a joint mission with Soyuz 6 and Soyuz 8 that saw three spacecraft in orbit together at the same time. The mission was to dock with Soyuz 8 and transfer crew. Docking to Soyuz 8 failed so the mission was aborted. The mission was Commanded by Anatoly Filipchenko, Flight Engineer Vladislav Volkov, and Research Engineer Viktor Gorbatko.
Serial Soyuz 7K-OK (A) 11F615 #15
Launch Crew Count 3
Status Single Use
Landing Time 1969-10-17T09:25:05+0000
Nationality Russian
Date Of Birth 1928-02-26
Deceased 2022-08-07
Status Deceased
Type Government
Nationality Russian
Date Of Birth 1935-11-23
Deceased 1971-06-30
Status Lost In Flight
Type Government
Nationality Russian
Date Of Birth 1934-12-03
Deceased 2017-05-17
Status Deceased
Type Government
Height 0.00 Meters
Max Stages 0
Mass To GTO 0 kg
Liftoff Thrust 0 kN
Diameter 0.00 Meters
Mass To LEO 0 kg
Liftoff Mass 0 Tonnes
Launch Success 30
Consecutive Success 3
Maiden Flight 1966-11-28
Launch Failures 2
The Soyuz programme is a human spaceflight programme initiated by the Soviet Union in the early 1960s. The Soyuz spacecraft was originally part of a Moon landing project intended to put a Soviet cosmonaut on the Moon. It was the third Soviet human spaceflight programme after the Vostok and Voskhod programmes.