Soyuz-U | Soyuz 19
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Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
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Soviet Space Program
The Soviet space program, was the national space program of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) actived from 1930s until disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Soviet Union's space program was mainly based on the cosmonautic exploration of space and the development of the expandable launch vehicles, which had been split between many design bureaus competing against each other. Over its 60-years of history, the Russian program was responsible for a number of pioneering feats and accomplishments in the human space flight, including the first intercontinental ballistic missile (R-7), first satellite (Sputnik 1), first animal in Earth orbit (the dog Laika on Sputnik 2), first human in space and Earth orbit (cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin on Vostok 1), first woman in space and Earth orbit (cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova on Vostok 6), first spacewalk (cosmonaut Alexei Leonov on Voskhod 2), first Moon impact (Luna 2), first image of the far side of the Moon (Luna 3) and unmanned lunar soft landing (Luna 9), first space rover (Lunokhod 1), first sample of lunar soil automatically extracted and brought to Earth (Luna 16), and first space station (Salyut 1). Further notable records included the first interplanetary probes: Venera 1 and Mars 1 to fly by Venus and Mars, respectively, Venera 3 and Mars 2 to impact the respective planet surface, and Venera 7 and Mars 3 to make soft landings on these planets.
Soyuz 19
Soyuz 19 was a part of the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, which was the first joint US-Soviet space flight. The Soviet side of mission began on July 15, 1975, 12:20:00 UTC, launching Commander Alexey Leonov and Flight Engineer Valeri Kubasov into orbit. Two days later, they docked with the Apollo spacecraft. American and Soviet crews visited each other's spacecrafts, performed docking and redocking maneuvers, conducted joint scientific experiments, exchanged flags and gifts. Crews spent more than 44 hours together, and after final parting of the ships Soviet crew spent five more days in orbit. Soyuz 19 returned to Earth with a safe landing on July 21, 1975, 10:50:00 UTC.
Soyuz 19
Serial Soyuz 7K-TM 11F615A12 #75
Launch Crew Count 2
Status Single Use
Landing Time 1975-07-21T10:50:00+0000
Crew
Alexey Leonov
Commander
Nationality Russian
Date Of Birth 1934-05-30
Deceased 2019-10-11
Status Deceased
Type Government
Valeri Kubasov
Flight Engineer
Nationality Russian
Date Of Birth 1935-01-07
Deceased 2014-02-19
Status Deceased
Type Government
Soyuz U
Height 51.10 Meters
Max Stages 3
Mass To GTO 0 kg
Liftoff Thrust 0 kN
Diameter 2.95 Meters
Mass To LEO 6900 kg
Liftoff Mass 313 Tonnes
Launch Success 694
Consecutive Success 1
Maiden Flight 1973-05-18
Launch Failures 20
Programs
Soyuz
The Soyuz programme is a human spaceflight programme initiated by the Soviet Union in the early 1960s. The Soyuz spacecraft was originally part of a Moon landing project intended to put a Soviet cosmonaut on the Moon. It was the third Soviet human spaceflight programme after the Vostok and Voskhod programmes.
